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What is Viagra?
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Viagra® ( Sildenafil Citrate) is the first of three breakthrough oral treatments for male impotence, or erectile dysfunction (ED), currently available with a prescription throughout the UK. Since its release in 1998, the blue diamond-shaped pill manufactured by pharmaceutical giant Pfizer has become the most popular treatment for erectile dysfunction worldwide, with it being successful in around 78% of men at inducing an erection sufficient for penetrative intercourse.
Viagra works in response to sexual stimulation and works by relaxing the thin layer or muscle used to regulate blood flow into the penis. Once enough blood has entered the three corpora (tube-shaped structures) within the penis this result is an erection.
How does Viagra work?
Viagra is in a class of medication known as Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors, much like alternative ED treatments Cialis and Levitra, which improve blood flow to the penis, enabling men with erectile dysfunction to respond to sexual stimulation with an erection.
For an erection to occur several chemical messengers are released from the nervous system, one of these such chemicals is Cyclic GMP. Its action is to relax muscle tissue allowing for the widening of blood vessels which flow into the penis. This causes blood to enter and fill the corpora cavernosa and corpora spongiosum, which causes an erection.
After sexual intercourse has occurred and adequate stimulation has been removed the body releases the enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE5) which breaks down Cyclic GMP, resulting in the erection being lost. Sildenafil, the active ingredient of Viagra, works by inhibiting the effect of this enzyme, allowing the blood vessels to be dilated for longer which improves blood flow to the penis, helping to maintain and prolong an erection.
What is the correct dosage and how long does it last?Viagra is available in 3 dosages – 25mg, 50mg and 100mg. Usually a patient will be prescribed the 50mg dosage, with the option of this being increased to 100mg if the results experienced are found to be less than hoped for with no adverse effects. Alternatively, this dosage can also be dropped to 25mg if the desired effects were achieved and/or if adverse effects were experienced. Regardless of dosage, Viagra remains active in the body for up to 4 hours.
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